Doublet Separations #

Xe 3d = 12.6 eV

Common Overlaps for Xe 3d #

In 3p– Pd 3s – Ac 4d – Hg 4p – Bi 4p – F 1s – Sm LMM (Al Ka X-rays)

Auger Energies #

Note – these are listed in KINETIC ENERGY

No data

Common Binding Energies – Xe 3d #

Theory and Background #

Noble gases do not tend to be analysed by XPS due to low reactivity, and volatility. There are a number of studies, however, on implanted ions in various substrates.

Experimental Advice #

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Data Analysis Guidance #

Studies of implanted noble gas ions found line broadening for all implanted gases, but line asymmetry was observed only for Ne 1s electrons implanted in Cu, Ag, and Au.[1]The authors concluded that this asymmetry was not due to core-hole lifetime effects (Auger broadening, etc.), but rather due to multiple implantation sites — in particular, the formation of small neon clusters inside the metal lattice. In such clusters, the screening of the Ne 1s core hole by conduction electrons is less effective than for isolated Ne atoms in substitutional sites. That reduced screening means some Ne atoms exhibit a higher apparent binding energy, producing the asymmetric tail at higher binding energy.

For Ar, Kr, and Xe, implantation produced predominantly substitutional sites (with only a few vacancies around them), so the spectra remained symmetric. But Ne is small and mobile, so clustering is favoured, giving rise to the observed asymmetry.

Reference Datasets #

Coming soon

References #