Doublet Separations #

K 2p = 2.77 eV

Common Overlaps for K 2p #

C 1s – Tb 4p – Gd 4p – Os 4d – Dy 4p – Ra 4f – Ce 4s – Ir 4d

Auger Energies #

Note – these are listed in KINETIC ENERGY

K LMM ≈ 250 eV

Common Binding Energies – K 2p #

Theory and Background #

Unlike sodium, potassium exhibits a sizeable shift in the binding energy for different chemical states. Potassium has a larger atomic radius than sodium, meaning its outer electrons are further from the nucleus and experience less effective nuclear charge, making it more sensitive to changes in the chemical environment and leading to larger shifts in binding energy. Additionally, potassium is less electronegative than sodium, which makes its core electrons more susceptible to changes in the surrounding chemical environment.

Experimental Advice #

It is typical to record the K 2p and C 1s as a single region, to save time.

Data Analysis Guidance #

Given the closeness of K 2p and C 1s, it is likely easier to fit an entire region around both emissions, and model using individual peaks, than attempt to fit individual background traces – especially if there are high BE carbons present. Take care not to mistake K 2p peaks as C-F peaks, or vice-versa. Doublet structure is always a giveaway that peaks are K 2p, but can also cross-reference to other peaks (K 2s).

Reference Datasets #

Coming soon

References #