Gallium

Gallium XPS analysis may be obtained via either the 2p or 3d regions, primarily. The 3d region may possibly provide an additional insight into the chemical speciation involved, while the 2p region is more intense.

The Ga 3d region may overlap with O 2s, In 4d, S 3s, P 3s, Ba 5p, K 3p and La 5p. The Ga 2p region may overlap with the N KLL auger and while the La 3p3/2 peak may intersect the Ga 2p3/2 and 2p1/2, the energy differences and large doublet separation of Ga 2p (26.9 eV) result in a relatively trivial deconvolution.

Species 2p EB / eV 3d EB / eV Charge Ref. Ref.
Ga 1116.49 18.39 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Ga(I) 1118.3 ± 0.9 20.25 ± 1 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Ga(II) 1118.5 ± 0.3 20.7 ± 0.35 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Ga2O3 1117.80 20.00 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
GaCl3 1119.85 21.91 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
GaBr3 1119.45 21.48 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
GaI3 1119.17 21.06 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Ga2I4 1118.72 20.80 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Ga2Cl4 1119.54 21.77 C 1s / 284.8 eV 1
Table 1: Binding energies (EB) for some common gallium species

References

  1. Bourque, J. L., et al. (2016). “Chemical state determination of molecular gallium compounds using XPS.” Dalton Transactions 45(18): 7678-7696. Read it online here.

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