Initial vs Final State Effects
What is the difference between initial-, and final-state effects in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy? What are some examples of each?
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The doorway to XPS enlightenment
Factors Affecting Peak Width in XPS
What are the factors that affect photoelectron peak width in XPS? Which come from my sample, and which come from my instrument?
Wagner Plots
What are Wagner plots in the context of Auger electrons? How can we use these to understand our data?
Spin-Orbit Coupling
Spin-orbit coupling splits core-level XPS peaks into doublets with fixed intensity ratios and energy separations that are element- and orbital-specific. Understanding this splitting is essential for correct peak assignment and quantification.